The Aviation Tech Push-Pull Paradigm
- nernst03
- May 5
- 6 min read
Challenging the typical approach to aviation technology deployment by emphasizing the aviation ecosystem over the singular solution.
Industries have long fallen into the trap of promoting one specific type (or class) of aircraft as the prevailing answer to most operational demands, often to the detriment of efficiency and adaptability. For instance, the growing advocacy for transitioning entirely to Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) while phasing out manned aircraft may seem progressive on the surface, but the current reality often proves less gratifying. Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) bring unique opportunities, yet their limitations—be it regulatory constraints, (scaled) financial feasibility, or process inefficiencies—can outweigh their perceived benefits under certain circumstances.
End-users should embrace a perspective that values an interconnected suite of tools rather than a silver bullet approach.
Each aircraft type—whether helicopter, drone, or fixed-wing—comes with its own strengths and weaknesses depending on the application. The shift from a "make-it-work" mentality to a "use-what-works-today (but prepare for tomorrow)" philosophy not only maximizes operational effectiveness today but also ensures a resilient strategy for tomorrow.
Tactien relies on a four-factor paradigm as the basis for determining the optimal choice of aircraft/technology both for today and for tomorrow:
Capability: Understanding all available technologies is your baseline for end-users. This requires not only familiarity with their current toolbox but also a willingness to scrutinize claims and ask critical questions of other tools. By going beyond the surface-level sales pitch, end-users uncover true capabilities that align with mission-specific demands. Such diligence ensures that decisions are informed by performance and practicality rather than surface-level marketing allure.
Scale: Cost-effectiveness is often touted as a major advantage of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS), yet this narrative is often far from universally accurate. While UAS can indeed reduce expenses, the broader picture reveals a more intricate reality. Current aviation regulations impose significant hurdles to scaling UAS operations efficiently.
The tipping point at which a UAS operation ceases to be economically advantageous compared to manned aircraft is highly variable, dependent on the unique needs and constraints of each end-user. For example, a small-scale, localized operation may find UAS to be the solution, while a large-scale or frequent operation might struggle to justify the expenses under current regulatory frameworks. This highlights the importance of a case-by-case evaluation rather than assuming UAS as a universal solution for cost savings. Misconceptions of grandeur in can lead to misguided investments and operational bottlenecks, emphasizing the need for a more nuanced understanding of cost dynamics within the push-pull paradigm.
Regulation: The historically slow pace of Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulation changes has long shaped the trajectory of aviation advancements, particularly in the realm UAS. The FAA has been working on enabling Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) operations for over a decade, yet the regulatory frameworks necessary to unlock the full potential of UAS remain TBD. While the FAA alludes to a timeline to reach such milestones, history shows us that the timelines are almost always a moving goal post. Furthermore, the result of said milestone is almost always underwhelming once achieved.
The cautious approach stems from an inherent need to prioritize safety, but this approach to advancement is a double-edged sword. Industry investment has historically been on the backs of visionaries with confidence in regulatory timelines. When the visionaries are let down by regulation timelines, the investor becomes inpatient. This has a cascading effect on industry advancement.
While there have been notable regulatory milestones (i.e., introduction of Part 107, Part 107 operational waivers, Section 44807 exemptions, Experimental certifications, etc.), these pathways fall short of addressing the broader needs of the industry.
These frameworks do allow for expanded operations…under a strict set of requirements that bottleneck true scalability.
For instance, Part 107 regulations restrict BVLOS operations unless specific waivers are granted. Even if such waivers are authorized, the conditions (i.e., daisy-chained observers, airspace limitations, Detect-and-Avoid (DAA) systems) quickly skew the actual narrative versus perceived.
Similarly, Section 44807 exemptions offer a degree of flexibility, but the resources required to obtain such authorization is incredibly high. The case-by-case approval process also limits their practicality for large-scale or routine operations.
These constraints make it evident that while progress has been made, the current regulatory environment does not adequately match pace with both the speed of industry’s evolvement and industry desire for advancement. Until such systemic changes are enacted, the ability of UAS to fully integrate into the aviation ecosystem will remain limited by regulatory inertia in almost all situations.
Time: By objectively evaluating capabilities, scale requirements, and regulatory factors, end-users can better paint the picture of time (money) required to execute. This is simply a delicate game between efficiency and resource allocation. Time is arguably the key determinant of operational success. Time is money, and efficient use of one invariably saves the other.
These variables are not only complex and dynamic, but they also vary by location and environment.
They aren't static; they shift based on the specific use-case, the operational environment, and broader external factors. The aircraft that fits today's needs perfectly might become less viable tomorrow as the landscape evolves. This underscores the importance of viewing aviation assets less as discrete, isolated solutions and more as an adaptable ecosystem capable of responding to immediate and long-term demands.
No one aircraft is inherently superior (for now)—it’s about deploying the right tool for the right job at the right time. Industry leaders should consider (and continue to reassess) each option within the broader context of their strengths and applications rather than forcing one into a mold it wasn’t designed for.
What should it look like today?
An aviation technology ecosystem for utilities as a dynamic, adaptive framework tailored to the unique demands of each operation. This ecosystem is not a fixed entity—its size, complexity, and the types of aircraft deployed will naturally vary depending on the utility's scope, location, and operational objectives.
For instance, an sUAS might be the ideal tool for a quick inspection in hard-to-reach areas, but for extensive surveying or heavy payload delivery, manned aircraft may remain the more viable option. This dynamic shifts over time as technology advances, regulations evolve, and the utility’s specific needs change. In this way, the ecosystem remains fluid, adapting to ensure the right aircraft is deployed for the right job.
Rather than viewing each component in isolation, the aviation technology ecosystem for utilities should be approached as a unified whole. Data flows seamlessly from sensors through the analysis process, enabling actionable data. Aircraft—be they’re sUAS, UAS, helicopters, fixed-wing planes, or "other" —are integrated into broader operational workflows, ensuring optimal resource allocation.
Just as no single aircraft is inherently superior, no single approach will suffice; the strength
of the ecosystem lies in its ability to adapt and respond to the full spectrum of utility
needs.
When do I make the “full” UAS transition?
The decision to transition from basic UAS to more advanced systems (potentially) capable of replacing manned aircraft operations hinges on your organization's appetite for innovation and risk. This is a question of timing, resources, and strategic vision.
Progressive Visionaries: For visionary organizations willing to push the boundaries, the time to transition is potentially now. First movers are driving the evolution of UAS technology, leveraging its potential to redefine operational possibilities. However, this path is not without significant challenges. Early adopters often face tribulations such as navigating uncharted regulatory waters, resolving unforeseen program issues, and managing steep learning curves. Yet, the rewards can be substantial for those prepared to weather these trials, as they stand to gain an edge by establishing industry standards and mastering cutting-edge capabilities.
2nd Movers: Conversely, if your program adopts a more conservative stance—one that prioritizes stability and cautious decision-making—it may be prudent to let the first movers pave the way, especially on the larger UAS side. Observing their successes and setbacks can provide invaluable insights. Waiting for the technology and regulatory frameworks to mature allows for a smoother, less turbulent transition.
Ultimately, the decision comes down to your organization's strategic priorities, resources, and tolerance for uncertainty. Whether you choose to lead the charge or follow a proven path, the transition to advanced UAS should align with broader operational goals and a clear understanding of the risks and rewards involved.
So now what?
Tactien focuses on helping aviation end-users navigate the constantly shifting landscape of technology and operational demands. By assessing the four key variables (among other external factors), Tactien aims to provide insights that align with current needs while preparing for inevitable changes.
Whether you’re re-evaluating your program, considering UAS options, or strategizing for future advancements, our approach is grounded in practicality and a shared commitment to innovation. Collaborating with Tactien means building strategies that are adaptable, insightful, and tailored to your unique challenges; all while understanding when (and how) to make UAS advancement transitions.
We invite you to our table for a conversation. Tactien will align your expectations and goals with tangible, future-proof realities. We’re here to help you take the next step toward operational excellence and innovation, without making the costly mistakes that occur far too often.
